The present review addresses the available knowledge on the traditional uses of vertebrate species and their products in folk medicine by different communities and in parts of Assam. Different body parts of the vertebrate species have been used as medicine to heal many ailments and diseases by the people of Assam. For this review, data were collected from 15 published papers available on internet about the practice of zootherapy among different ethnic communities and also in different regions of the state. In Assam, total 112 species of vertebrates were found to be used as zootherapeutic means. Out of these, Mammals with 48 species constitute the highest number of species to be used as medicine followed by Fishes with 24 species, Birds with 18 species, Reptiles with 16 species and Amphibia being the least with 6 species. The conservation status of the species indicated that 1 species was under the category of Critically Endangered (CR), 11 species were Vulnerable (VU), 6 species under Endangered (EN), 5 species were Near Threatened (NT), 63 species were Least Concerned (LC),1 species was under Not Applicable (NA) category and 11 species were not evaluated (NE).